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Bulgarian MFA dictionary v2.0.0#

  • Maintainer: Montreal Forced Aligner

  • Language: Bulgarian

  • Dialect: N/A

  • Phone set: MFA

  • Number of words: 63,561

  • Phones: a b bʲ c dʒ dʲ d̪ f fʲ i j k m mʲ n̪ o p pʲ r rʲ sʲ s̪ tsʲ tʃ tʲ t̪ t̪s̪ u v vʲ x zʲ z̪ ç ŋ ɔ ɛ ɟ ɡ ɤ ɫ ɱ ɲ ʃ ʎ ʒ

  • License: CC BY 4.0

  • Compatible MFA version: v2.0.0

  • Citation:

@techreport{mfa_bulgarian_mfa_dictionary_2022,
	author={McAuliffe, Michael and Sonderegger, Morgan},
	title={Bulgarian MFA dictionary v2.0.0},
	address={\url{https://mfa-models.readthedocs.io/pronunciation dictionary/Bulgarian/Bulgarian MFA dictionary v2_0_0.html}},
	year={2022},
	month={Mar},
}

G2P models

Acoustic models
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Installation#

Install from the MFA command line:

mfa model download dictionary bulgarian_mfa

Or download from the release page

The dictionary available from the release page and command line installation has pronunciation and silence probabilities estimated as part acoustic model training (see Silence probability format and training pronunciation probabilities for more information. If you would like to use the version of this dictionary without probabilities, please see the plain dictionary.

Intended use#

This dictionary is intended for forced alignment of Bulgarian transcripts.

This dictionary uses the MFA phone set for Bulgarian, and was used in training the Bulgarian MFA acoustic model. Pronunciations can be added on top of the dictionary, as long as no additional phones are introduced.

Performance Factors#

When trying to get better alignment accuracy, adding pronunciations is generally helpful, especially for different styles and dialects. The most impactful improvements will generally be seen when adding reduced variants that involve deleting segments/syllables common in spontaneous speech. Alignment must include all phones specified in the pronunciation of a word, and each phone has a minimum duration (by default 10ms). If a speaker pronounces a multisyllabic word with just a single syllable, it can be hard for MFA to fit all the segments in, so it will lead to alignment errors on adjacent words as well.

Ethical considerations#

Deploying any Speech-to-Text model into any production setting has ethical implications. You should consider these implications before use.

Demographic Bias#

You should assume every machine learning model has demographic bias unless proven otherwise. For pronunciation dictionaries, it is often the case that transcription accuracy and lexicon coverage for the prestige variety modeled in this dictionary compared to other variants. If you are using this dictionary in production, you should acknowledge this as a potential issue.

IPA Charts#

Consonants#

Obstruent symbols to the left of are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced.

Manner

Labial

Labiodental

Dental

Alveolar

Alveopalatal

Palatal

Velar

Nasal
Occurrences:
8,952
Examples:
* мря:
[m rʲ a]
* мачка:
[m a tʃ k ɤ]
* май:
[m a j]
* ком:
[k ɔ m]
Occurrences:
1,826
Examples:
* филми:
[fʲ i ɫ mʲ i]
* ръми:
[r a mʲ i]
* мирно:
[mʲ i r n̪ o]
* милев:
[mʲ i ɫ ɛ f]
Occurrences:
144
Examples:
* инмат:
[i ɱ m ɤ t̪]
* инфо:
[i ɱ f o]
* амвон:
[a ɱ v ɔ n̪]
* съмва:
[s̪ a ɱ v ɤ]
Occurrences:
32,758
Examples:
* ноже:
[n̪ o ʒ ɛ]
* шанс:
[ʃ a n̪ s̪]
* илиян:
[i ʎ i j a n̪]
* бзнс:
[b ɤ z̪ ɤ n̪ ɤ s̪ ɤ]
Occurrences:
1,204
Examples:
* някак:
[ɲ ɤ k a k]
* багня:
[b a ɟ ɲ a]
* синя:
[s̪ i ɲ ɤ]
* саня:
[s̪ a ɲ ɤ]
Occurrences:
430
Examples:
* гинка:
[ɟ i ŋ k ɤ]
* шунка:
[ʃ u ŋ k ɤ]
* тонка:
[t̪ ɔ ŋ k ɤ]
* мунк:
[m u ŋ k]

Stop
Occurrences:
22,049
Examples:
* пасох:
[p a s̪ o x]
* пушил:
[p u ʃ i ɫ]
* пият:
[p i j ɤ t̪]
* пеете:
[p ɛ ɛ t̪ ɛ]
Occurrences:
8,343
Examples:
* шибой:
[ʃ i b ɔ j]
* бзнс:
[b ɤ z̪ ɤ n̪ ɤ s̪ ɤ]
* бич:
[b i tʃ]
* бдж:
[b ɤ d̪ ɤ ʒ ɤ]
Occurrences:
45,671
Examples:
* житни:
[ʒ i t̪ n̪ i]
* къта:
[k ɤ t̪ ɤ]
* шесто:
[ʃ ɛ s̪ t̪ o]
* бесещ:
[b ɛ s̪ ɛ ʃ t̪]
Occurrences:
11,347
Examples:
* доеха:
[d̪ o ɛ x ɤ]
* деди:
[d̪ ɛ dʲ i]
* удвои:
[u d̪ v ɔ i]
* кода:
[k o d̪ ɤ]
Occurrences:
1,738
Examples:
* кир:
[c i r]
* кинов:
[c i n̪ o f]
* тежки:
[t̪ ɛ ʃ c i]
* щейки:
[ʃ t̪ ɛ j c i]
Occurrences:
345
Examples:
* багня:
[b a ɟ ɲ a]
* гинка:
[ɟ i ŋ k ɤ]
* рагин:
[r a ɟ i n̪]
* гьоте:
[ɟ ɔ t̪ ɛ]
Occurrences:
11,871
Examples:
* оскар:
[o s̪ k a r]
* мачка:
[m a tʃ k ɤ]
* ком:
[k ɔ m]
* живка:
[ʒ i f k ɤ]
Occurrences:
5,792
Examples:
* гуам:
[ɡ u ɤ m]
* гнева:
[ɡ n̪ ɛ v ɤ]
* галий:
[ɡ a ʎ i j]
* могло:
[m o ɡ ɫ ɔ]

Affricate
Occurrences:
3,553
Examples:
* бицам:
[b i t̪s̪ ɤ m]
* опции:
[o p t̪s̪ i i]
* акция:
[ɤ k t̪s̪ i j ɤ]
* немци:
[n̪ ɛ m t̪s̪ i]
Occurrences:
9,348
Examples:
* мачка:
[m a tʃ k ɤ]
* учиш:
[u tʃ i ʃ]
* бич:
[b i tʃ]
* чий:
[tʃ i j]
Occurrences:
197
Examples:
* джон:
[dʒ ɔ n̪]
* ходжа:
[x ɔ dʒ ɤ]
* джудо:
[dʒ u d̪ o]
* джубе:
[dʒ u b ɛ]

Sibilant
Occurrences:
20,870
Examples:
* оскар:
[o s̪ k a r]
* шанс:
[ʃ a n̪ s̪]
* сеул:
[s̪ ɛ u ɫ]
* бзнс:
[b ɤ z̪ ɤ n̪ ɤ s̪ ɤ]
Occurrences:
13,060
Examples:
* бзнс:
[b ɤ z̪ ɤ n̪ ɤ s̪ ɤ]
* слиза:
[s̪ ɫ i z̪ ɤ]
* завре:
[z̪ a v r ɛ]
* заши:
[z̪ a ʃ i]
Occurrences:
1,303
Examples:
* унася:
[o n̪ a sʲ ɤ]
* сякъл:
[sʲ a k ɤ ɫ]
* ася:
[a sʲ ɤ]
* ужася:
[u ʒ a sʲ ɤ]
Occurrences:
85
Examples:
* дизя:
[dʲ i zʲ ɤ]
* пазят:
[p a zʲ ɤ t̪]
* мразя:
[m r a zʲ ɤ]
* пълзя:
[p ɤ ɫ zʲ ɤ]
Occurrences:
10,486
Examples:
* шанс:
[ʃ a n̪ s̪]
* учиш:
[u tʃ i ʃ]
* шибой:
[ʃ i b ɔ j]
* брише:
[b rʲ i ʃ ɛ]
Occurrences:
3,892
Examples:
* ноже:
[n̪ o ʒ ɛ]
* живка:
[ʒ i f k ɤ]
* маже:
[m a ʒ ɛ]
* житни:
[ʒ i t̪ n̪ i]

Fricative
Occurrences:
2,450
Examples:
* живка:
[ʒ i f k ɤ]
* каффе:
[k a f ɛ]
* радев:
[r a d̪ ɛ f]
* сфери:
[s̪ f ɛ rʲ i]
Occurrences:
315
Examples:
* филми:
[fʲ i ɫ mʲ i]
* филип:
[fʲ i ʎ i p]
* кафяв:
[k a fʲ a f]
* филм:
[fʲ i ɫ m]
Occurrences:
21,142
Examples:
* удвои:
[u d̪ v ɔ i]
* завре:
[z̪ a v r ɛ]
* гнева:
[ɡ n̪ ɛ v ɤ]
* водя:
[v ɔ dʲ ɤ]
Occurrences:
3,031
Examples:
* нивя:
[n̪ i vʲ a]
* висши:
[vʲ i ʃ i]
* вирус:
[vʲ i r u s̪]
* ивица:
[i vʲ i t̪s̪ ɤ]
Occurrences:
133
Examples:
* хилав:
[ç i ɫ ɤ f]
* хилда:
[ç i ɫ d̪ ɤ]
* хияка:
[ç i j a k ɤ]
* хикс:
[ç i k s̪]

Approximant
Occurrences:
9,852
Examples:
* май:
[m a j]
* илиян:
[i ʎ i j a n̪]
* шибой:
[ʃ i b ɔ j]
* чий:
[tʃ i j]

Trill
Occurrences:
23,959
Examples:
* оскар:
[o s̪ k a r]
* ерез:
[ɛ r ɛ s̪]
* завре:
[z̪ a v r ɛ]
* речен:
[r ɛ tʃ ɛ n̪]
Occurrences:
5,445
Examples:
* мря:
[m rʲ a]
* мряха:
[m rʲ a x ɤ]
* брише:
[b rʲ i ʃ ɛ]
* мери:
[m ɛ rʲ i]

Lateral
Occurrences:
22,885
Examples:
* луди:
[ɫ u dʲ i]
* сеул:
[s̪ ɛ u ɫ]
* слиза:
[s̪ ɫ i z̪ ɤ]
* филми:
[fʲ i ɫ mʲ i]
Occurrences:
3,106
Examples:
* илиян:
[i ʎ i j a n̪]
* хулим:
[x u ʎ i m]
* галий:
[ɡ a ʎ i j]
* голд:
[ɡ o ʎ a t̪]

Vowels#

Vowel symbols to the left of are unrounded and those to the right are rounded.

Front

Near-Front

Central

Near-Back

Back

Close
Occurrences:
48,222
Examples:
* луди:
[ɫ u dʲ i]
* учиш:
[u tʃ i ʃ]
* илиян:
[i ʎ i j a n̪]
* живка:
[ʒ i f k ɤ]
Occurrences:
7,324
Examples:
* луди:
[ɫ u dʲ i]
* сеул:
[s̪ ɛ u ɫ]
* учиш:
[u tʃ i ʃ]
* удвои:
[u d̪ v ɔ i]

Close-Mid
Occurrences:
60,091
Examples:
* доеха:
[d̪ o ɛ x ɤ]
* мачка:
[m a tʃ k ɤ]
* живка:
[ʒ i f k ɤ]
* бзнс:
[b ɤ z̪ ɤ n̪ ɤ s̪ ɤ]
Occurrences:
25,084
Examples:
* оскар:
[o s̪ k a r]
* ноже:
[n̪ o ʒ ɛ]
* доеха:
[d̪ o ɛ x ɤ]
* кода:
[k o d̪ ɤ]

Open-Mid
Occurrences:
49,451
Examples:
* ноже:
[n̪ o ʒ ɛ]
* доеха:
[d̪ o ɛ x ɤ]
* сеул:
[s̪ ɛ u ɫ]
* деди:
[d̪ ɛ dʲ i]
Occurrences:
19,038
Examples:
* ком:
[k ɔ m]
* шибой:
[ʃ i b ɔ j]
* удвои:
[u d̪ v ɔ i]
* водя:
[v ɔ dʲ ɤ]

Open
Occurrences:
36,137
Examples:
* оскар:
[o s̪ k a r]
* мря:
[m rʲ a]
* мачка:
[m a tʃ k ɤ]
* шанс:
[ʃ a n̪ s̪]
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