Ctrl+K
Ctrl+K

German MFA dictionary v2.0.0a#

  • Maintainer: Montreal Forced Aligner

  • Language: German

  • Dialect: N/A

  • Phone set: MFA

  • Number of words: 281,961

  • Phones: a aj aw aː b c cʰ d eː f h iː j k kʰ l l̩ m m̩ n n̩ oː p pf pʰ s t ts tʃ tʰ uː v x yː z ç øː ŋ œ ɐ ɔ ɔʏ ə ɛ ɟ ɡ ɪ ɲ ʁ ʃ ʊ ʏ

  • License: CC BY 4.0

  • Compatible MFA version: v2.0.0

  • Citation:

@techreport{mfa_german_mfa_dictionary_2022,
	author={McAuliffe, Michael and Sonderegger, Morgan},
	title={German MFA dictionary v2.0.0a},
	address={\url{https://mfa-models.readthedocs.io/pronunciation dictionary/German/German MFA dictionary v2_0_0a.html}},
	year={2022},
	month={May},
}

G2P models

Acoustic models
../../_images/full_logo_yellow.svg

Installation#

Install from the MFA command line:

mfa model download dictionary german_mfa

Or download from the release page.

The dictionary available from the release page and command line installation has pronunciation and silence probabilities estimated as part acoustic model training (see Silence probability format and training pronunciation probabilities for more information. If you would like to use the version of this dictionary without probabilities, please see the plain dictionary.

Intended use#

This dictionary is intended for forced alignment of German transcripts.

This dictionary uses the MFA phone set for German, and was used in training the German MFA acoustic model. Pronunciations can be added on top of the dictionary, as long as no additional phones are introduced.

Performance Factors#

When trying to get better alignment accuracy, adding pronunciations is generally helpful, especially for different styles and dialects. The most impactful improvements will generally be seen when adding reduced variants that involve deleting segments/syllables common in spontaneous speech. Alignment must include all phones specified in the pronunciation of a word, and each phone has a minimum duration (by default 10ms). If a speaker pronounces a multisyllabic word with just a single syllable, it can be hard for MFA to fit all the segments in, so it will lead to alignment errors on adjacent words as well.

Ethical considerations#

Deploying any Speech-to-Text model into any production setting has ethical implications. You should consider these implications before use.

Demographic Bias#

You should assume every machine learning model has demographic bias unless proven otherwise. For pronunciation dictionaries, it is often the case that transcription accuracy and lexicon coverage for the prestige variety modeled in this dictionary compared to other variants. If you are using this dictionary in production, you should acknowledge this as a potential issue.

IPA Charts#

Consonants#

Obstruent symbols to the left of are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced.

Manner

Labial

Labiodental

Alveolar

Alveopalatal

Palatal

Velar

Uvular

Glottal

Nasal
Occurrences:
67,155
Examples:
* kosma:
[k ʰ ɔ s m a]
* momo:
[m ɔ m o ː]
* emu:
[e ː m u ː]
* mukös:
[m ʊ c ʰ ø ː s]
Occurrences:
1,606
Examples:
* azam:
[a t s m ̩]
* odem:
[o ː d m ̩]
* armem:
[a ʁ m m ̩]
* nahem:
[n a ː m ̩]
Occurrences:
150,364
Examples:
* kirn:
[c ʰ ɪ ʁ n]
* binh:
[b ɪ n]
* maden:
[m a ː d n ̩]
* sagen:
[z a ː ɡ n ̩]
Occurrences:
68,012
Examples:
* mixen:
[m ɪ k s n ̩]
* roten:
[ʁ o ː t ʰ n ̩]
* raven:
[ʁ a v n ̩]
* lauen:
[l a w n ̩]
Occurrences:
1,798
Examples:
* singh:
[z ɪ ɲ ɟ e ː h a ː]
* winch:
[v i ː ɲ ç]
* lyng:
[l ʏ ɲ ɟ e ː]
* enki:
[ɛ ɲ c ʰ ɪ]
Occurrences:
31,491
Examples:
* junk:
[j ʊ ŋ k]
* kong:
[k ʰ ɔ ŋ]
* lanke:
[l a ŋ k ʰ ə]
* ango:
[a ŋ ɡ ɔ]

Stop
Occurrences:
28,849
Examples:
* kapo:
[k ʰ a p ʰ ɔ]
* labt:
[l a ː p t]
* chumb:
[t ʃ ʊ m p]
* pisco:
[p ʰ ɪ s k ɔ]
Occurrences:
60,984
Examples:
* bule:
[b u ː l ə]
* bata:
[b a t ʰ a]
* bande:
[b a n d ə]
* bubas:
[b u ː b a s]
Occurrences:
114,741
Examples:
* mitt:
[m ɪ t]
* gunst:
[ɡ ʊ n s t]
* tosen:
[t ʰ o ː z n ̩]
* tadel:
[t ʰ a ː d l ̩]
Occurrences:
53,781
Examples:
* maeda:
[m e ː d e ː a ː]
* desto:
[d ɛ s t ɔ]
* pedi:
[p ʰ ɛ d ɪ]
* ägide:
[ɛ ɟ i ː d ə]
Occurrences:
1,183
Examples:
* keks:
[c ʰ e ː k s]
* kür:
[c ʰ y ː ɐ]
* kühlt:
[c ʰ y ː l t]
* kilda:
[c ʰ ɪ l d a ː]
Occurrences:
10,500
Examples:
* gavin:
[ɟ ɛ v ɪ n]
* gicht:
[ɟ ɪ ç t]
* gig:
[ɟ ɪ ç]
* game:
[ɟ e ː m]
Occurrences:
45,719
Examples:
* brax:
[b ʁ a k s]
* zilog:
[t s ɪ l o ː k]
* drück:
[d ʁ ʏ k]
* lykon:
[l ʏ k ʰ ɔ n]
Occurrences:
56,540
Examples:
* fagen:
[f a ː ɡ n ̩]
* sauge:
[z a w ɡ ə]
* gosen:
[ɡ o ː z n ̩]
* meges:
[m ɛ ɡ ə s]

Affricate
Occurrences:
3,855
Examples:
* köpf:
[c ʰ œ p f]
* klapf:
[k l a p f]
* züpfe:
[t s ʏ p f ə]
* tropf:
[t ʁ ɔ p f]
Occurrences:
42,560
Examples:
* cyan:
[t s ʏ a ː n]
* zocha:
[t s ɔ x a ː]
* walze:
[v a l t s ə]
* todds:
[t ʰ o ː t s]
Occurrences:
1,425
Examples:
* chief:
[t ʃ i ː f]
* ruths:
[ʁ ʊ t ʃ]
* chaco:
[t ʃ a k ʰ ɔ]
* chubb:
[t ʃ a p]

Sibilant
Occurrences:
104,057
Examples:
* kals:
[k ʰ a ː l s]
* tast:
[t ʰ a s t]
* akers:
[a ː k ʰ ɐ s]
* maust:
[m a w s t]
Occurrences:
38,940
Examples:
* suren:
[z u ː ʁ n ̩]
* käsig:
[c ʰ e ː z ɪ k]
* sans:
[z a n s]
* sinto:
[z ɪ n t ʰ ɔ]
Occurrences:
61,445
Examples:
* shea:
[ʃ ɛ a ː]
* rotch:
[ʁ o ː t ʃ]
* step:
[ʃ t ɛ p]
* chefs:
[ʃ ɛ f s]

Fricative
Occurrences:
72,786
Examples:
* aviv:
[a v i ː f]
* bfz:
[b e ː ɛ f t s ɛ t]
* float:
[f l ɔ a ː t]
* gafft:
[ɡ a f t]
Occurrences:
41,312
Examples:
* zwölf:
[t s v œ l f]
* raven:
[ʁ a v n ̩]
* boves:
[b o ː v ə s]
* opava:
[o ː p ʰ a v a]
Occurrences:
29,930
Examples:
* äbich:
[e ː b ɪ ç]
* finch:
[f ɪ ɲ ç]
* berg:
[b ɛ ɐ ç]
* paich:
[p ʰ a j ç]
Occurrences:
149,619
Examples:
* loral:
[l ɔ ʁ a ː l]
* krähe:
[k ʁ e ː ə]
* orda:
[ɔ ʁ d a]
* zider:
[t s i ː d ə ʁ]
Occurrences:
30,170
Examples:
* himal:
[h ɪ m a ː l]
* hüst:
[h y ː s t]
* hem:
[h ɛ m]
* hinze:
[h ɪ n t s ə]

Approximant
Occurrences:
10,810
Examples:
* kojen:
[k ʰ o ː j n ̩]
* cuyo:
[k ʰ ʊ j ɔ]
* seife:
[z a j f ə]
* seidl:
[z a j t l]

Lateral
Occurrences:
119,596
Examples:
* klinz:
[k l ɪ n t s]
* säle:
[z e ː l ə]
* kadel:
[k ʰ a ː d l ̩]
* loja:
[l o ː j a]
Occurrences:
8,726
Examples:
* disl:
[d i ː z l ̩]
* egel:
[e ː ɡ l ̩]
* nakel:
[n a ː k ʰ l ̩]
* hobel:
[h o ː b l ̩]

Vowels#

Vowel symbols to the left of are unrounded and those to the right are rounded.

Front

Near-Front

Central

Near-Back

Back

Close
Occurrences:
0
Examples:
* sepik:
[z ɛ p ʰ i ː k]
* ägide:
[ɛ ɟ i ː d ə]
* vagil:
[v a ɟ i ː l]
* motiv:
[m ɔ t ʰ i ː f]
Occurrences:
38,207
Examples:
* mih:
[m i ː]
* venia:
[v ɛ n i ː a]
* egil:
[ɛ ɟ i ː l]
* iris:
[i ː ʁ ɪ s]
Occurrences:
0
Examples:
* güsen:
[ɟ y ː z n ̩]
* grün:
[ɡ ʁ y ː n]
* früge:
[f ʁ y ː ɡ ə]
* passy:
[p ʰ a s y ː]
Occurrences:
9,547
Examples:
* taryn:
[t ʰ a ʁ y ː n]
* blüm:
[b l y ː m]
* blüht:
[b l y ː t]
* rügen:
[ʁ y ː ɡ n ̩]
Occurrences:
0
Examples:
* new:
[ɲ u ː]
* urdu:
[u ː ɐ d u ː]
* lut:
[l u ː t]
* juni:
[j u ː n ɪ]
Occurrences:
18,781
Examples:
* flood:
[f l u ː t]
* nadu:
[n a d u ː]
* zogu:
[t s o ː k ʰ u ː]
* tout:
[t ʰ u ː]
Occurrences:
118,412
Examples:
* macy:
[m a s ɪ]
* dotti:
[d ɔ t ʰ ɪ]
* aidan:
[ɛ ɪ d a ː n]
* darby:
[d a ʁ b ɪ]
Occurrences:
12,889
Examples:
* boi:
[b ɔ ʏ]
* brüx:
[b ʁ ʏ k s]
* nyro:
[n ʏ ʁ ɔ]
* byrne:
[b ʏ ʁ n ə]
Occurrences:
60,450
Examples:
* lueg:
[l ʊ e ː k]
* duino:
[d ʊ i ː n ɔ]
* luna:
[l ʊ n a ː]
* pinus:
[p ʰ ɪ n ʊ s]

Close-Mid
Occurrences:
0
Examples:
* gewen:
[ɡ ə v e ː n]
* hebet:
[h e ː b e ː t]
* säbel:
[z e ː b l ̩]
* gsell:
[ɟ e ː ɛ s ɛ l]
Occurrences:
39,374
Examples:
* peso:
[p ʰ e ː z ɔ]
* cpu:
[t s e ː p ʰ e ː u ː]
* bka:
[b e ː k ʰ a ː a ː]
* bfj:
[b e ː ɛ f j]
Occurrences:
0
Examples:
* rötet:
[ʁ ø ː t ʰ ə t]
* möse:
[m ø ː z ə]
* özlem:
[ø ː t s l m ̩]
* römpp:
[ʁ ø ː m p]
Occurrences:
5,781
Examples:
* löws:
[l ø ː v ə s]
* söhn:
[z ø ː n]
* özcan:
[ø ː t s k a ː n]
* köniz:
[c ʰ ø ː n ɪ t s]
Occurrences:
0
Examples:
* poona:
[p ʰ o ː n a]
* tors:
[t ʰ o ː ɐ s]
* ozma:
[o ː t s m a]
* tote:
[t ʰ o ː t ʰ ə]
Occurrences:
32,405
Examples:
* yonus:
[j o ː n ʊ s]
* aoni:
[a ː ɛ o ː n ɪ]
* nose:
[n o ː z ə]
* koh:
[k ʰ o ː]
Occurrences:
121,678
Examples:
* boehe:
[b ɔ e ː ə]
* laffe:
[l a f ə]
* gnade:
[ɡ n a ː d ə]
* monde:
[m o ː n d ə]

Open-Mid
Occurrences:
102,701
Examples:
* erft:
[ɛ ʁ f t]
* dea:
[d ɛ a ː]
* mgn:
[ɛ m ɟ e ː ɛ n]
* riley:
[ʁ ɪ j ɛ ɪ]
Occurrences:
3,613
Examples:
* förde:
[f œ ʁ d ə]
* börge:
[b œ ʁ ɡ ə]
* vörös:
[f œ ʁ ø ː s]
* corse:
[c ʰ œ ʁ z ə]
Occurrences:
61,786
Examples:
* orfeo:
[o ː ɔ]
* duino:
[d ʊ i ː n ɔ]
* opole:
[ɔ p ʰ o ː l ə]
* vilho:
[v ɪ l h ɔ]
Occurrences:
81,496
Examples:
* rühr:
[ʁ y ː ɐ]
* leyer:
[l ɛ a j ɐ]
* heger:
[h e ː ɡ ɐ]
* mihr:
[m ɐ]

Open
Occurrences:
112,857
Examples:
* waber:
[v a ː b ɐ]
* salud:
[z a l u ː t]
* braga:
[b ʁ a ɡ a]
* base:
[b a ː z ə]
Occurrences:
46,709
Examples:
* adwa:
[a t v a ː]
* raja:
[ʁ a j a ː]
* canal:
[k ʰ a n a ː l]
* baad:
[b a ː t]

Diphthongs#

  • aj

  • aw

  • ɔʏ

On this page
Show Source