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Bulgarian MFA dictionary v2.0.0a#

  • Maintainer: Montreal Forced Aligner

  • Language: Bulgarian

  • Dialect: N/A

  • Phone set: MFA

  • Number of words: 63,561

  • Phones: a b bʲ c dʒ dʲ d̪ f fʲ i j k m mʲ n̪ o p pʲ r rʲ sʲ s̪ tsʲ tʃ tʲ t̪ t̪s̪ u v vʲ x zʲ z̪ ç ŋ ɔ ɛ ɟ ɡ ɤ ɫ ɱ ɲ ʃ ʎ ʒ

  • License: CC BY 4.0

  • Compatible MFA version: v2.0.0

  • Citation:

@techreport{mfa_bulgarian_mfa_dictionary_2022,
	author={McAuliffe, Michael and Sonderegger, Morgan},
	title={Bulgarian MFA dictionary v2.0.0a},
	address={\url{https://mfa-models.readthedocs.io/pronunciation dictionary/Bulgarian/Bulgarian MFA dictionary v2_0_0a.html}},
	year={2022},
	month={May},
}

G2P models

Acoustic models
../../_images/full_logo_yellow.svg

Installation#

Install from the MFA command line:

mfa model download dictionary bulgarian_mfa

Or download from the release page.

The dictionary available from the release page and command line installation has pronunciation and silence probabilities estimated as part acoustic model training (see Silence probability format and training pronunciation probabilities for more information. If you would like to use the version of this dictionary without probabilities, please see the plain dictionary.

Intended use#

This dictionary is intended for forced alignment of Bulgarian transcripts.

This dictionary uses the MFA phone set for Bulgarian, and was used in training the Bulgarian MFA acoustic model. Pronunciations can be added on top of the dictionary, as long as no additional phones are introduced.

Performance Factors#

When trying to get better alignment accuracy, adding pronunciations is generally helpful, especially for different styles and dialects. The most impactful improvements will generally be seen when adding reduced variants that involve deleting segments/syllables common in spontaneous speech. Alignment must include all phones specified in the pronunciation of a word, and each phone has a minimum duration (by default 10ms). If a speaker pronounces a multisyllabic word with just a single syllable, it can be hard for MFA to fit all the segments in, so it will lead to alignment errors on adjacent words as well.

Ethical considerations#

Deploying any Speech-to-Text model into any production setting has ethical implications. You should consider these implications before use.

Demographic Bias#

You should assume every machine learning model has demographic bias unless proven otherwise. For pronunciation dictionaries, it is often the case that transcription accuracy and lexicon coverage for the prestige variety modeled in this dictionary compared to other variants. If you are using this dictionary in production, you should acknowledge this as a potential issue.

IPA Charts#

Consonants#

Obstruent symbols to the left of are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced.

Manner

Labial

Labiodental

Dental

Alveolar

Alveopalatal

Palatal

Velar

Nasal
Occurrences:
9,366
Examples:
* милчо:
[m ʲ i ɫ t ʃ ɔ]
* куме:
[k u m ɛ]
* омъжи:
[o m ɤ ʒ i]
* махни:
[m a x n ̪ i]
Occurrences:
1,911
Examples:
* умиха:
[o m ʲ i x ɤ]
* смя:
[s ̪ m ʲ a]
* седми:
[s ̪ ɛ d ̪ m ʲ i]
* мисли:
[m ʲ i s ̪ ʎ i]
Occurrences:
150
Examples:
* съмва:
[s ̪ a ɱ v ɤ]
* амвон:
[a ɱ v ɔ n ̪]
* инмат:
[i ɱ m ɤ t ̪]
* инфо:
[i ɱ f o]
Occurrences:
34,041
Examples:
* умни:
[u m n ̪ i]
* тайна:
[t ̪ a j n ̪ ɤ]
* пияно:
[p i j a n ̪ ɔ]
* тони:
[t ̪ ɔ n ̪ i]
Occurrences:
1,245
Examples:
* винят:
[v ʲ i ɲ ɤ t ̪]
* ранях:
[r a ɲ a x]
* коня:
[k o ɲ ɤ]
* звъня:
[z ̪ v ɲ ɤ]
Occurrences:
450
Examples:
* анко:
[a ŋ k o]
* ринга:
[r ʲ i ŋ ɡ a]
* ганке:
[ɡ a ŋ k ɛ]
* пенко:
[p ɛ ŋ k o]

Stop
Occurrences:
22,849
Examples:
* рап:
[r a p]
* успея:
[u s ̪ p ɛ j ɤ]
* спира:
[s ̪ p i r ɤ]
* порив:
[p o r ʲ i f]
Occurrences:
8,692
Examples:
* нсбоп:
[n ̪ z ̪ b ɔ p]
* обем:
[o b ɛ m]
* бесът:
[b ɛ s ̪ ɤ t ̪]
* банк:
[b a ŋ k]
Occurrences:
47,228
Examples:
* ахмед:
[x m ɛ t ̪]
* лодка:
[ɫ ɔ t ̪ k ɤ]
* тръне:
[t ̪ r ɤ n ̪ ɛ]
* порт:
[p o r t ̪]
Occurrences:
11,799
Examples:
* дарик:
[d ̪ a r ʲ i k]
* дума:
[d ̪ u m ɤ]
* редът:
[r ɛ d ̪ ɤ t ̪]
* отбил:
[o d ̪ b i ɫ]
Occurrences:
1,826
Examples:
* малки:
[m a ɫ c i]
* екипа:
[ɛ c i p a]
* майки:
[m a j c i]
* кино:
[c i n ̪ o]
Occurrences:
355
Examples:
* гинка:
[ɟ i ŋ k ɤ]
* гилзи:
[ɟ i ɫ z ̪ i]
* багня:
[b a ɟ ɲ a]
* гьол:
[ɟ ɔ ɫ]
Occurrences:
12,503
Examples:
* къса:
[k ɤ s ̪ ɤ]
* чокоя:
[t ʃ ɔ k o j a]
* днк:
[d ̪ ɤ n ̪ ɤ k ɤ]
* касае:
[k a s ̪ a ɛ]
Occurrences:
6,096
Examples:
* агасъ:
[a ɡ a s ̪ ɤ]
* графе:
[ɡ r a f ɛ]
* ганчо:
[ɡ a n ̪ t ʃ ɔ]
* бряга:
[b r ʲ a ɡ ɤ]

Affricate
Occurrences:
3,717
Examples:
* бицам:
[b i t ̪ s ̪ ɤ m]
* челце:
[t ʃ ɛ ɫ t ̪ s ̪ ɛ]
* майнц:
[m a j n ̪ t ̪ s ̪]
* мацка:
[m a t ̪ s ̪ k ɤ]
Occurrences:
9,681
Examples:
* чудно:
[t ʃ u d ̪ n ̪ o]
* уличи:
[u ʎ i t ʃ i]
* мълчи:
[m a ɫ t ʃ i]
* учещ:
[u t ʃ ɛ ʃ t ̪]
Occurrences:
220
Examples:
* ходжа:
[x ɔ d ʒ ɤ]
* джаз:
[d ʒ a s ̪]
* алчба:
[a ɫ d ʒ b ɤ]
* индже:
[i n ̪ d ʒ ɛ]

Sibilant
Occurrences:
21,785
Examples:
* дейци:
[d ̪ ɛ j t ̪ s ̪ i]
* заспа:
[z ̪ ɤ s ̪ p a]
* лице:
[ʎ i t ̪ s ̪ ɛ]
* излез:
[i z ̪ ɫ ɛ s ̪]
Occurrences:
13,488
Examples:
* знаеш:
[z ̪ n ̪ a ɛ ʃ]
* оазис:
[o ɤ z ̪ i s ̪]
* лози:
[ɫ ɔ z ̪ i]
* заеме:
[z ̪ a ɛ m ɛ]
Occurrences:
1,311
Examples:
* сяра:
[s ʲ a r ɤ]
* бесят:
[b ɛ s ʲ ɤ t ̪]
* обеся:
[o b ɛ s ʲ ɤ]
* сякаш:
[s ʲ a k ɤ ʃ]
Occurrences:
98
Examples:
* пазят:
[p a z ʲ ɤ t ̪]
* зярна:
[z ʲ a r n ̪ ɤ]
* пълзя:
[p ɤ ɫ z ʲ ɤ]
* мразя:
[m r a z ʲ ɤ]
Occurrences:
10,897
Examples:
* ушили:
[o ʃ i ɫ i]
* зрящ:
[z ̪ r ʲ a ʃ t ̪]
* шибам:
[ʃ i b ɤ m]
* вечни:
[v ɛ t ʃ n ̪ i]
Occurrences:
4,036
Examples:
* жанра:
[ʒ ɤ n ̪ r ɤ]
* ръжен:
[r ɤ ʒ ɛ n ̪]
* чуждо:
[t ʃ u ʒ d ̪ o]
* бдж:
[b ɤ d ̪ ɤ ʒ ɤ]

Fricative
Occurrences:
2,577
Examples:
* пегав:
[p ɛ ɡ ɤ f]
* живко:
[ʒ i f k o]
* втора:
[f t ̪ ɔ r ɤ]
* вплел:
[f p ɫ ɛ ɫ]
Occurrences:
326
Examples:
* филип:
[f ʲ i ʎ i p]
* шефик:
[ʃ ɛ f ʲ i k]
* фирми:
[f ʲ i r m ʲ i]
* кафяв:
[k a f ʲ a f]
Occurrences:
21,871
Examples:
* уловя:
[u ɫ o v ʲ ɤ]
* врящ:
[v r ʲ a ʃ t ̪]
* бавим:
[b a v ʲ i m]
* влача:
[v ɫ a t ʃ ɤ]
Occurrences:
3,182
Examples:
* вижда:
[v ʲ i ʒ d ̪ a]
* уловя:
[u ɫ o v ʲ ɤ]
* дивят:
[d ʲ i v ʲ ɤ t ̪]
* вия:
[v ʲ i j ɤ]
Occurrences:
152
Examples:
* мухи:
[m u ç i]
* хилда:
[ç i ɫ d ̪ ɤ]
* хитър:
[ç i t ̪ ɤ r]
* тихи:
[t ̪ i ç i]

Approximant
Occurrences:
10,155
Examples:
* шайка:
[ʃ a j k ɤ]
* юлен:
[j u ɫ ɛ n ̪]
* язди:
[j a z ̪ d ʲ i]
* хай:
[x a j]

Trill
Occurrences:
24,971
Examples:
* рая:
[r a j ɤ]
* утро:
[u t ̪ r o]
* реже:
[r ɛ ʒ ɛ]
* трио:
[t ̪ r ʲ i ɔ]
Occurrences:
5,688
Examples:
* мери:
[m ɛ r ʲ i]
* риа:
[r ʲ i a]
* спри:
[s ̪ p r ʲ i]
* акрил:
[ɤ k r ʲ i ɫ]

Lateral
Occurrences:
23,640
Examples:
* лъгах:
[ɫ a ɡ a x]
* палец:
[p a ɫ ɛ t ̪ s ̪]
* чуела:
[t ʃ u ɛ ɫ ɤ]
* щолпе:
[ʃ t ̪ ɔ ɫ p ɛ]
Occurrences:
3,280
Examples:
* лято:
[ʎ a t ̪ o]
* вопли:
[v o p ʎ i]
* стеля:
[s ̪ t ̪ ɛ ʎ ɤ]
* млян:
[m ʎ ɤ n ̪]

Vowels#

Vowel symbols to the left of are unrounded and those to the right are rounded.

Front

Near-Front

Central

Near-Back

Back

Close
Occurrences:
50,015
Examples:
* взима:
[v z ̪ i m ɤ]
* първи:
[p ɤ r v ʲ i]
* изгря:
[i z ̪ ɡ r ʲ a]
* чешки:
[t ʃ ɛ ʃ c i]
Occurrences:
7,765
Examples:
* хулим:
[x u ʎ i m]
* чупят:
[t ʃ u p ʲ ɤ t ̪]
* чужд:
[t ʃ u ʃ t ̪]
* чушле:
[t ʃ u ʃ ɫ ɛ]

Close-Mid
Occurrences:
62,396
Examples:
* убия:
[u b i j ɤ]
* имана:
[i m ɤ n ̪ ɤ]
* лиска:
[ʎ i s ̪ k ɤ]
* ремък:
[r ɛ m ɤ k]
Occurrences:
26,244
Examples:
* петно:
[p ɛ t ̪ n ̪ o]
* бяло:
[b ʲ a ɫ o]
* почна:
[p o t ʃ n ̪ a]
* крало:
[k r a ɫ o]

Open-Mid
Occurrences:
51,297
Examples:
* бера:
[b ɛ r ɤ]
* дошле:
[d ̪ ɔ ʃ ɫ ɛ]
* бодем:
[b o d ̪ ɛ m]
* поело:
[p o ɛ ɫ ɔ]
Occurrences:
19,581
Examples:
* водещ:
[v ɔ d ̪ ɛ ʃ t ̪]
* брош:
[b r ɔ ʃ]
* кьолн:
[k ɔ ɫ n ̪]
* рома:
[r ɔ m ɤ]

Open
Occurrences:
37,485
Examples:
* дясна:
[d ʲ a s ̪ n ̪ ɤ]
* ласка:
[ɫ a s ̪ k ɤ]
* блат:
[b ɫ a t ̪]
* ираде:
[i r a d ̪ ɛ]
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