Ctrl+K
Ctrl+K

Thai MFA dictionary v2.0.0#

  • Maintainer: Montreal Forced Aligner

  • Language: Thai

  • Dialect: N/A

  • Phone set: MFA

  • Number of words: 29,860

  • Phones: aː˥˩ aː˦˥ aː˧ aː˨˩ aː˩˩˦ a˥˩ a˦˥ a˧ a˨˩ a˩˩˦ b d eː˥˩ eː˦˥ eː˧ eː˨˩ eː˩˩˦ e˥˩ e˦˥ e˧ e˨˩ e˩˩˦ f h ia˥˩ ia˦˥ ia˧ ia˨˩ ia˩˩˦ iː˥˩ iː˦˥ iː˧ iː˨˩ iː˩˩˦ i˥˩ i˦˥ i˧ i˨˩ i˩˩˦ j k kʰ k̚ l m n oː˥˩ oː˦˥ oː˧ oː˨˩ oː˩˩˦ o˥˩ o˦˥ o˧ o˨˩ o˩˩˦ p pʰ p̚ r s t tɕ tɕʰ tʰ t̚ ua˥˩ ua˦˥ ua˧ ua˨˩ ua˩˩˦ uː˥˩ uː˦˥ uː˧ uː˨˩ uː˩˩˦ u˥˩ u˦˥ u˧ u˨˩ u˩˩˦ w ŋ ɔː˥˩ ɔː˦˥ ɔː˧ ɔː˨˩ ɔː˩˩˦ ɔ˥˩ ɔ˦˥ ɔ˧ ɔ˨˩ ɔ˩˩˦ ɛː˥˩ ɛː˦˥ ɛː˧ ɛː˨˩ ɛː˩˩˦ ɛ˥˩ ɛ˦˥ ɛ˧ ɛ˨˩ ɛ˩˩˦ ɤː˥˩ ɤː˦˥ ɤː˧ ɤː˨˩ ɤː˩˩˦ ɤ˥˩ ɤ˦˥ ɤ˧ ɤ˨˩ ɤ˩˩˦ ɯa˥˩ ɯa˦˥ ɯa˧ ɯa˨˩ ɯa˩˩˦ ɯː˥˩ ɯː˦˥ ɯː˧ ɯː˨˩ ɯː˩˩˦ ɯ˥˩ ɯ˦˥ ɯ˧ ɯ˨˩ ɯ˩˩˦ ʔ

  • License: CC BY 4.0

  • Compatible MFA version: v2.0.0

  • Citation:

@techreport{mfa_thai_mfa_dictionary_2022,
	author={McAuliffe, Michael and Sonderegger, Morgan},
	title={Thai MFA dictionary v2.0.0},
	address={\url{https://mfa-models.readthedocs.io/pronunciation dictionary/Thai/Thai MFA dictionary v2_0_0.html}},
	year={2022},
	month={Mar},
}

G2P models

Acoustic models
../../_images/full_logo_yellow.svg

Installation#

Install from the MFA command line:

mfa model download dictionary thai_mfa

Or download from the release page.

The dictionary available from the release page and command line installation has pronunciation and silence probabilities estimated as part acoustic model training (see Silence probability format and training pronunciation probabilities for more information. If you would like to use the version of this dictionary without probabilities, please see the plain dictionary.

Intended use#

This dictionary is intended for forced alignment of Thai transcripts.

This dictionary uses the MFA phone set for Thai, and was used in training the Thai MFA acoustic model. Pronunciations can be added on top of the dictionary, as long as no additional phones are introduced.

Performance Factors#

When trying to get better alignment accuracy, adding pronunciations is generally helpful, especially for different styles and dialects. The most impactful improvements will generally be seen when adding reduced variants that involve deleting segments/syllables common in spontaneous speech. Alignment must include all phones specified in the pronunciation of a word, and each phone has a minimum duration (by default 10ms). If a speaker pronounces a multisyllabic word with just a single syllable, it can be hard for MFA to fit all the segments in, so it will lead to alignment errors on adjacent words as well.

Ethical considerations#

Deploying any Speech-to-Text model into any production setting has ethical implications. You should consider these implications before use.

Demographic Bias#

You should assume every machine learning model has demographic bias unless proven otherwise. For pronunciation dictionaries, it is often the case that transcription accuracy and lexicon coverage for the prestige variety modeled in this dictionary compared to other variants. If you are using this dictionary in production, you should acknowledge this as a potential issue.

IPA Charts#

Consonants#

Obstruent symbols to the left of are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced.

Manner

Labial

Labiodental

Alveolar

Palatal

Velar

Glottal

Nasal
Occurrences:
9,141
Examples:
* โมเพด:
[m oː˧ pʰ e˨˩ t̚]
* พิมพ์:
[pʰ i˧ m]
* กำแพง:
[k a˧ m pʰ ɛː˧ ŋ]
* เมีย:
[m ia˧]
Occurrences:
15,369
Examples:
* ลักษณ:
[l a˦˥ k̚ s a˧ n]
* เฮียน:
[h ia˧ n]
* ฟินไป:
[f i˧ n p a˧ j]
* สิิ้น:
[s i˨˩ i˥˩ n]
Occurrences:
6,147
Examples:
* พงศ์:
[pʰ o˧ ŋ]
* กำแพง:
[k a˧ m pʰ ɛː˧ ŋ]
* งีบ:
[ŋ iː˥˩ p̚]
* ลงทุน:
[l o˧ ŋ tʰ u˧ n]

Stop
Occurrences:
2,838
Examples:
* ตีปีก:
[t iː˧ p iː˨˩ k̚]
* ฟินไป:
[f i˧ n p a˧ j]
* แปะ:
[p ɛ˨˩ ʔ]
* ปู้อี:
[p uː˥˩ ʔ iː˧]
Occurrences:
2,502
Examples:
* ระบุ:
[r a˦˥ b u˨˩ ʔ]
* โบ้:
[b oː˥˩]
* บีีบ:
[b iː˨˩ iː˨˩ p̚]
* บ่าย:
[b aː˨˩ j]
Occurrences:
3,617
Examples:
* ติด:
[t i˨˩ t̚]
* ตีปีก:
[t iː˧ p iː˨˩ k̚]
* ซิตี้:
[s i˦˥ t iː˥˩]
* ตื่น:
[t ɯː˨˩ n]
Occurrences:
2,488
Examples:
* ราษฎร:
[r aː˥˩ t̚ s a˨˩ d ɔː˧ n]
* กดดัน:
[k o˨˩ t̚ d a˧ n]
* การดู:
[k aː˧ n d uː˧]
* ดั้ง:
[d a˥˩ ŋ]
Occurrences:
5,589
Examples:
* กลัด:
[k l a˨˩ t̚]
* การพบ:
[k aː˧ n pʰ o˦˥ p̚]
* กำแพง:
[k a˧ m pʰ ɛː˧ ŋ]
* เกษส.:
[k a˨˩ s eː˨˩ s ɔː˩˩˦]
Occurrences:
4,725
Examples:
* ระบุ:
[r a˦˥ b u˨˩ ʔ]
* อโศก:
[ʔ a˨˩ s oː˨˩ k̚]
* แปะ:
[p ɛ˨˩ ʔ]
* ปู้อี:
[p uː˥˩ ʔ iː˧]

Affricate
Occurrences:
2,509
Examples:
* คาใจ:
[kʰ aː˧ tɕ a˧ j]
* จะตาย:
[tɕ a˨˩ t aː˧ j]
* เจด:
[tɕ eː˨˩ t̚]
* ไข้ใจ:
[kʰ a˥˩ j tɕ a˧ j]

Sibilant
Occurrences:
8,198
Examples:
* ลักษณ:
[l a˦˥ k̚ s a˧ n]
* อโศก:
[ʔ a˨˩ s oː˨˩ k̚]
* สิิ้น:
[s i˨˩ i˥˩ n]
* วิสัย:
[w i˦˥ s a˩˩˦ j]

Fricative
Occurrences:
962
Examples:
* ฟินไป:
[f i˧ n p a˧ j]
* หูฟัง:
[h uː˩˩˦ f a˧ ŋ]
* ฟรัง:
[f r a˧ ŋ]
* ฟััง:
[f a˧ ŋ]
Occurrences:
1,974
Examples:
* เฮียน:
[h ia˧ n]
* เหรา:
[h eː˩˩˦ r aː˧]
* ห้าม:
[h aː˥˩ m]
* โรหิต:
[r oː˧ h i˨˩ t̚]

Approximant
Occurrences:
5,365
Examples:
* วิสัย:
[w i˦˥ s a˩˩˦ j]
* วิฬา:
[w i˦˥ l aː˧]
* ว่าย:
[w aː˥˩ j]
* แรเงา:
[r ɛː˧ ŋ a˧ w]
Occurrences:
6,962
Examples:
* ฟินไป:
[f i˧ n p a˧ j]
* วิสัย:
[w i˦˥ s a˩˩˦ j]
* ไอกิส:
[ʔ a˧ j k i˦˥ t̚ s a˨˩]
* ว่าย:
[w aː˥˩ j]

Trill
Occurrences:
8,413
Examples:
* ระบุ:
[r a˦˥ b u˨˩ ʔ]
* เหรา:
[h eː˩˩˦ r aː˧]
* ราษฎร:
[r aː˥˩ t̚ s a˨˩ d ɔː˧ n]
* โรหิต:
[r oː˧ h i˨˩ t̚]

Lateral
Occurrences:
5,521
Examples:
* ลักษณ:
[l a˦˥ k̚ s a˧ n]
* กลัด:
[k l a˨˩ t̚]
* วิฬา:
[w i˦˥ l aː˧]
* กลีบ:
[k l iː˨˩ p̚]

Vowels#

Vowel symbols to the left of are unrounded and those to the right are rounded.

Front

Near-Front

Central

Near-Back

Back

Close
Occurrences:
6,518
Examples:
* วิฬา:
[w i˦˥ l aː˧]
* วิ้ง:
[w i˥˩ ŋ]
* หิวโซ:
[h i˩˩˦ w s oː˥˩]
* ไอกิส:
[ʔ a˧ j k i˦˥ t̚ s a˨˩]
Occurrences:
3,947
Examples:
* สีทอง:
[s iː˩˩˦ tʰ ɔː˧ ŋ]
* ซิตี้:
[s i˦˥ t iː˥˩]
* ชีส:
[tɕʰ iː˦˥ s]
* ตีปีก:
[t iː˧ p iː˨˩ k̚]
Occurrences:
613
Examples:
* จึ๋ย:
[tɕ ɯ˩˩˦ j]
* ดูถึง:
[d uː˧ tʰ ɯ˩˩˦ ŋ]
* สะอึก:
[s a˨˩ ʔ ɯ˨˩ k̚]
* พึง:
[pʰ ɯ˧ ŋ]
Occurrences:
723
Examples:
* ถือสา:
[tʰ ɯː˩˩˦ s aː˩˩˦]
* ฦๅชา:
[l ɯː˧ tɕʰ aː˧]
* มืดลง:
[m ɯː˥˩ t̚ l o˧ ŋ]
* ลืมพก:
[l ɯː˧ m pʰ o˦˥ k̚]
Occurrences:
3,369
Examples:
* ทุม:
[tʰ u˧ m]
* มุุ่ง:
[m u˦˥ u˥˩ ŋ]
* ทารุณ:
[tʰ aː˧ r u˧ n]
* ทุเรศ:
[tʰ u˦˥ r eː˥˩ t̚]
Occurrences:
2,278
Examples:
* งูสุด:
[ŋ uː˧ s u˨˩ t̚]
* หูฟัง:
[h uː˩˩˦ f a˧ ŋ]
* พู่:
[pʰ uː˥˩]
* ปูด:
[p uː˨˩ t̚]

Close-Mid
Occurrences:
1,617
Examples:
* เก่ง:
[k e˨˩ ŋ]
* เม็ง:
[m e˧ ŋ]
* เหม็น:
[m e˩˩˦ n]
* เหม็ด:
[m e˦˥ t̚]
Occurrences:
2,324
Examples:
* เฮด:
[h eː˦˥ t̚]
* เอ๋:
[ʔ eː˩˩˦]
* เมษ:
[m eː˧ s a˨˩]
* ทุเรศ:
[tʰ u˦˥ r eː˥˩ t̚]
Occurrences:
193
Examples:
* ไธอะ:
[tʰ ɤ˨˩ ʔ]
* เฉย:
[tɕʰ ɤ˩˩˦ j]
* เศิก:
[s ɤ˨˩ k̚]
* เลอะ:
[l ɤ˦˥ ʔ]
Occurrences:
1,440
Examples:
* ลีมิน:
[l iː˧ m ɤː˧ n]
* เสนอ:
[s a˨˩ n ɤː˩˩˦]
* เลิฟ:
[l ɤː˥˩ f]
* เมอร์:
[m ɤː˥˩]
Occurrences:
3,575
Examples:
* รังนก:
[r a˧ ŋ n o˦˥ k̚]
* ด้น:
[d o˥˩ n]
* ต้ม:
[t o˥˩ m]
* สมมติ:
[s o˩˩˦ m m o˦˥ t̚]
Occurrences:
2,195
Examples:
* โสม:
[s oː˩˩˦ m]
* โน่:
[n oː˥˩]
* โซดาอ:
[s oː˧ d aː˧ ʔ oː˥˩]
* โนติ:
[n oː˦˥ t̚]

Open-Mid
Occurrences:
692
Examples:
* แรบ:
[r ɛ˥˩ p̚]
* แย่ง:
[j ɛ˥˩ ŋ]
* แร้ว:
[r ɛ˥˩ w]
* แทง:
[tʰ ɛ˧ ŋ]
Occurrences:
1,810
Examples:
* แรเงา:
[r ɛː˧ ŋ a˧ w]
* แล้:
[l ɛː˦˥]
* แยก:
[j ɛː˥˩ k̚]
* พิศวง:
[pʰ i˦˥ t̚ s a˨˩ w ɛː˩˩˦ ŋ]
Occurrences:
1,222
Examples:
* ช็อป:
[tɕʰ ɔ˦˥ p̚]
* เซาะ:
[s ɔ˦˥ ʔ]
* คล่อง:
[kʰ l ɔ˥˩ ŋ]
* มาก็็:
[m aː˧ k ɔː˥˩ ɔ˥˩ ʔ]
Occurrences:
4,369
Examples:
* ธปท.:
[tʰ ɔː˧ p ɔː˧ tʰ ɔː˧]
* พ่อตา:
[pʰ ɔː˥˩ t aː˧]
* ราษฎร:
[r aː˥˩ t̚ s a˨˩ d ɔː˧ n]
* ปอด:
[p ɔː˨˩ t̚]

Open
Occurrences:
21,013
Examples:
* อ่่าว:
[ʔ a˥˩ w a˥˩ w]
* กลัด:
[k l a˨˩ t̚]
* ล่ะ:
[l a˥˩ ʔ]
* ขัย:
[kʰ a˩˩˦ j]
Occurrences:
13,936
Examples:
* สถาน:
[s a˨˩ tʰ aː˩˩˦ n]
* นาคี:
[n aː˧ kʰ iː˧]
* การพบ:
[k aː˧ n pʰ o˦˥ p̚]
* บาตร:
[b aː˨˩ t̚]

Diphthongs#

  • ia

  • ua

  • ɯa

Tones#

  • ˥˩

  • ˦˥

  • ˧

  • ˨˩

  • ˩˩˦

On this page
Show Source